The SAM model and the Savvy Start
Step 1 / 4·The three phases of SAM
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Learning objectives — after this module you will:
- Know the three phases of the Successive Approximation Model
- Be able to run a Savvy Start
- Understand the design–test–revise loop
The three phases of SAM
Get the overall map of the model.
SAM — the Successive Approximation Model, developed by Michael Allen — replaces the one-way march with progress through successive approximations. It has three phases, and the biggest difference from ADDIE is that the last two run as loops.
Three phases and their outputs
| Phase | Main activity | Output |
|---|---|---|
| Preparation | Gather just enough background and run a Savvy Start with all parties present | Settled scope and some initial sketches — not a thick analysis document |
| Iterative design | Three rounds: sketch, prototype, review — each more detailed than the last | A prototype good enough for everyone to agree on the shape of the product |
| Iterative development | Build in parts, deploy for testing, evaluate and revise | A finished product already tested with real learners during the build |
Why 'successive approximation'
Each loop is not meant to produce a perfect piece, but a closer approximation than the one before. The first version might be a few hand-drawn slides. What matters is not how polished it is, but whether it is concrete enough for someone to say 'yes, that's it' or 'no, not like that'.
Key takeaway: Three phases: preparation, iterative design, iterative development — each loop a closer approximation.